Recent decades show altered patterns: prolonged dry spells (2014, 2016, 2019), more intense rainfall (2021 flash floods), and rising temperatures. The "seasons" are becoming less predictable, with the inter-monsoon periods extending.
| Season | Months | Avg Rainfall | Key Feature | |--------|--------|--------------|--------------| | Northeast Monsoon (wet) | Dec–Jan | High (290mm+) | Cooler, heavy rain | | Northeast Monsoon (dry) | Feb–early Mar | Moderate to low | Drier winds | | Inter-Monsoon 1 | Apr–May | High (thunderstorms) | Evening storms, heat | | Southwest Monsoon | Jun–Sep | Moderate | Haze possible | | Inter-Monsoon 2 | Oct–Nov | Very high | Wettest months |
These are often the hottest and most humid months. Winds are light, and afternoon/evening thunderstorms are common due to intense surface heating.
In conclusion, while Singapore does not experience traditional seasons, it does have a unique climate that is characterized by two main monsoon seasons and two intermonsoon periods. The country's climate is expected to change in the coming years, with rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns. Despite these changes, Singapore's seasons will continue to be shaped by its cultural and social events, which are an integral part of the country's identity.
Singapore's climate is classified as a tropical rainforest climate, with high temperatures and high levels of humidity throughout the year. The country's proximity to the equator means that it receives a relatively constant amount of sunlight throughout the year, with the sun rising and setting at around 6:30 am and 7:00 pm respectively.
Unlike temperate nations, Singapore lacks thermal seasons. The annual temperature ranges only from 24°C to 32°C, with little variation. Therefore, discussing "seasons" requires redefinition. For Singapore, seasons are primarily and human-constructed . This paper aims to (1) explain the meteorological seasons, (2) describe environmental markers, and (3) outline cultural/economic seasons.